(3 lecture) Prerequisite: BIO 220.  Study the principles of medical genetics including a review of gene function, patterns of inheritance, mechanisms of common genetic diseases, genetic testing, genetic counseling and risk assessment, and gene therapy.

(3 lecture) Prerequisites: BIO 100 and BIO 105, or BIO 110. BIO 220 recommended. Study an overview of the causes, prevention, molecular and cellular mechanisms, and treatment of various cancers.

(2 Lecture, 1 Field) Prerequisite: BIO 111 or instructor consent. Application of botanical techniques in a field setting. Course includes species identification, collection of plant specimens, plant community structure, rare plant management, and field based botanical data collection. Field trip required.

(3 lecture, 3 laboratory) Prerequisite: BIO 111. History of plant taxonomy, phylogenetic systematics, family recognition, and identification of local flora using keys. Native plant collection and field trips required.

(3 lecture, 3 laboratory) Prerequisite: BIO 111. Study of the biology of the principal orders of insects by collecting and classifying specimens. Agents and vectors of disease are stressed. Insect collection is required.

(3 lecture, 3 laboratory) Prerequisites: BIO 100 and BIO 105, or BIO 111. Study of the symbiotic relationships of parasitism as exemplified by typical parasites of humans, domesticated and wild animals, stressing life cycles, pathogenesis, systematics and host-parasite relationships.

(3 lecture, 3 laboratory) Prerequisite: BIO 111. Study of the functional biology, ecology and behavior of mammals. Laboratory stresses the identification and ecology of Colorado species. Field work required.

(3 lecture, 3 laboratory) Prerequisite: BIO 111. Investigation of the biology of the cold-blooded vertebrates including their evolution, ecology and behavior. Laboratory stresses the identification and biology of Colorado species.

(3 lecture, 3 laboratory) Prerequisite: BIO 111. Study of structure, morphogenesis and phylogenetic relationships of organisms grouped with algae, fungi. Comparative study to explore multiple kingdom concepts. Ecological, medical and economic aspects of mycology and phycology explored.

Prerequisite: BIO 110. Sophomores and above. Study of marine organisms and their habitats from the intertidal to the deep sea. Emphasis is on the adaptation to environmental factors, ecological relationships and conservation.

Prerequisite: BIO 110. Co-requisite: BIO 338. An intensive field experience in Belize which introduces participants to tropical marine and the terrestrial environment. Course occurs during spring break. Additional fees required.

(2 lecture 3 laboratory) Prerequisite: BIO 110. Study of the organ systems of the human body, their structure and integration. Laboratory includes examination of mammalian organs.

(3 lecture 3 laboratory) Prerequisites:BIO 110 and BIO 111. Study of comparative developmental processes of vertebrates as they relate to the structure of the adult organ systems. Developmental anatomy and adult morphology of sharks through mammals are studied and dissected.

(3 lecture, 3 laboratory) Prerequisites: BIO 210, recommend BIO 341. Examine in detail the function of the organ systems of the human body, especially of those involved with the maintenance of normal function.

(3 lecture, 3 laboratory) Prerequisites: BIO 110; CHEM 231 or CHEM 281 & CHEM 281L or CHEM 331 & CHEM 331L. Examine microorganisms and their interactions with living and non-living components of the biosphere. Study the structural and metabolic diversity within Eubacteria and Archaea, some fungi and viruses.

(3 lecture, 3 laboratory) Prerequisites: BIO 111; CHEM 281 & CHEM 281L or CHEM 331 & CHEM 331L. Study of physiological factors influencing the chemical and structural composition of plant absorption and utilization of water and minerals; photosynthesis, translocation, respiration, nitrogen metabolism; and growth and development.

(2 lecture) Prerequisite: BIO 246 or BIO 350. A detailed study of the principles underlying absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and interaction of drugs in humans.

(3 lecture, 3 laboratory) Prerequisite: BIO 111. Identify/describe plant and animal communities. Study of ecosystem structure and energy flow. Examine topics such as biogeochemical cycles, soils, population structure, species’ interactions and succession. Field trip may be required.

(3 lecture, 3 laboratory) Prerequisite: BIO 111.  Study of the behaviors of animals.  The production mechanisms, development, ecological significance, and evolution of behaviors will be stressed.

(3 lecture, 3 laboratory) Prerequisites: BIO 110 and BIO 111. This course examines aquatic communities, determines species present, nature of the physical and chemical aquatic environment, species and population distribution, productivity and eutrophication.

(3 lecture) Prerequisites: BIO 220 An introduction to the components and basic mechanisms of the immune system.